The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (c.55 million years ago) was a period associated with massive carbon injection into the atmosphere, yet discrepancies in carbon isotope proxy records have led to substantial uncertainties in the source, Rings scale, and timing of carbon emissions.Here, the authors propose that membrane lipids of marine planktoni
Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial for the adaptation of various signalling pathways to ensure cellular homeostasis and proper adaptation to stress.PTM is a covalent addition of a small chemical functional group such as a phosphate group (phosphorylation), methyl group (methylation), or acetyl group (acetylation); lipids l
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the global burden of cholera using population-based incidence data and reports.METHODS: Countries with a recent history of cholera were classified Mineral as endemic or non-endemic, depending on whether they had reported cholera cases in at least three of the five most recent years.The percentages of the population in each co
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) acts on a set of G protein-coupled receptors in the plasma membrane and also as a second messenger in FLU RELIEF certain cell types.There are two possible pathways to mobilize intracellular Ca2+ concentration by S1P.One is through phospholipase C, and the other is through intracellular Ca2+ channels operated by S1P.The